The technology-driven nature of this transformation brought about numerous challenges, such as human labor displacement in mass production processes. Consequently, Industry 5.0 was introduced as a human-centric approach to complement its predecessor. This study aims to propose a comprehensive model for evaluating organizational readiness to implement Industry 4.0, while integrating the core tenets of Industry 5.0. Focusing on the manufacturing supply chain, the primary innovation of this research lies in the systematic synthesis of high-frequency dimensions from Industry 4.0 readiness models with the human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience indicators of Industry 5.0. To achieve this, preliminary indicators were initially extracted from the literature, and their content validity was verified through a panel of 14 experts using Lawshe’s method. Subsequently, the Fuzzy DEMATEL technique was applied to analyze the complex, interdependent relationships among the dimensions—namely Technology, Leadership, Strategy, Process, People, and Security—and their corresponding indicators. Quantitative data for this phase were gathered from 6 academic and industry experts, and the results of this analysis were mapped into a structured causal diagram. The findings reveal that Technology, Leadership, and People belong to the cause group, whereas Process, Strategy, and Security fall into the effect group. Furthermore, "managerial awareness and support of Industry 5.0" and "information technology infrastructure" emerged as the most influential indicators, while "resource allocation" was identified as the most prominent and highly interactive indicator. The outputs of this model provide managers with a practical tool for optimizing investments in supply chain digitalization.