بررسی موانع و ارائه راهکارهای اثربخشی تسهیلات مشاغل خرد و خانگی: مطالعه موردی استان مرکزی

درخشانی درآبی, کاوه

doi:10.61882/jii.2.3.247

بررسی موانع و ارائه راهکارهای اثربخشی تسهیلات مشاغل خرد و خانگی: مطالعه موردی استان مرکزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

کاوه درخشانی درآبی

گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

10.61882/jii.2.3.247

چکیده

بیکاری یکی از مشکلات اقتصاد ایران است و با توجه به اثرات زیان‌بار اقتصادی-اجتماعی آن همواره مورد توجه قانون‌گذاران و دولت‌ها بوده است. در راستای رفع بیکاری، برنامه‌های متنوعی در ایران تدوین و اجرایی شده است، یکی از این برنامه‌های با هدف اشتغال‌زایی در مناطق شهری و روستایی طرح توسعه مشاغل خرد و خانگی است. ارائه تسهیلات بانکی در راستای ایجاد و تثبیت مشاغل خرد و خانگی یکی از اهداف اصلی این طرح است. بر این اساس هدف اصلی این پژوهش شناسایی موانع و تنگناهای اثربخشی تسهیلات در ایجاد و تثبیت مشاغل خرد و خانگی است. بدین منظور پس از شناسایی و احصاء عوامل موثر، با استفاده از رویکرد تحلیل سلسله مراتبی موانع و تنگناها رتبه‌بندی شده و بر این اساس راهکارهای پژوهش جهت بهبود اثربخشی تسهیلات ارائه شده است. نتایج به دست آمده نشان می‌دهد که در دسته‌بندی کلی عوامل نهادی، محیطی و اجتماعی با وزن 0.318 از بالاترین اهمیت برخوردارند و پس از آن به ترتیب عوامل قانونی و بروکراسی، و فردی و شخصیتی با وزن‌های 0.242 و 0.184 در رتبه‌های بعدی قرار دارند. در میان فاکتورها نیز بی‌ثباتی سیاست‌ها، بی‌ثباتی قوانین و شرایط ناپایدار اقتصادی به ترتیب با وزن‌های 0.070، 0.053 و 0.049 از اهمیت بیشتری برخورداند. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش می‌توان گفت مهمترین موانع توسعه مشاغل خرد و خانگی در استان مرکزی محیط نامساعد و شرایط نهادی بی‌ثبات هستند و بر این اساس برنامه‌ریزی در راستای بهبود فضای کسب‌وکار و ساختار نهادهای رسمی بیشترین تاثیر را در افزایش اثربخشی مشاغل خرد و خانگی در استان مرکزی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مشاغل خرد

مشاغل خانگی

اثربخشی

تحلیل سلسله مراتبی

عنوان مقاله English

Examining the Obstacles and Solutions to the Effectiveness of Banking Loans for the Development of Small and Home-Based Businesses: A Case Study of Markazi Province

نویسنده English

kaveh Derakhshani Darabi

Department of Economics, Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, Arak University, Arak, Iran.

چکیده English

Unemployment is a prominent issue in Iran's economy, and due to its detrimental socio-economic effects, it has always been a concern for legislators and governments. Various programs have been developed and implemented in Iran's economy to decrease unemployment, one of which aims to create jobs in urban and rural areas through the development of small and home-based businesses. Providing banking loans to establish and stabilize small and home businesses is a key goal of this project. The main purpose of this research is to identify the obstacles and challenges affecting the effectiveness of small and home-based business loans in creating and stabilizing businesses. After identifying and assessing the factors, obstacles, and challenges, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is applicated to ranking. The results indicate that institutional, environmental, and social factors are the most important with a weight of 0/318, followed by legal and bureaucratic factors, and individual and personality factors with weights of 0/242 and 0/184, respectively. Among these factors, policy instability, legal instability, and economic volatility are the most significant, with weights of 0/070, 0/053, and 0/049, respectively. In conclusion, recommendations are provided to improve the effectiveness of the loans granted to small and home-based businesses. Based on the results, unfavorable environment and unstable institutional conditions are the most important obstacles to the development of small and home businesses in Markazi Province, and accordingly, planning to improve the business environment and the structure of formal institutions has the greatest impact on increasing the effectiveness of small and home businesses in Markazi Province.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Small Business

Home-Based Business

Effectiveness

Analytical Hierarchy Process

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