نوآوری‌های صنعتی

نوآوری‌های صنعتی

واکاوی زیست‌بوم نوآوری: پیشایندها و پسایندها (مورد مطالعه: زیست‌بوم نوآوری ایران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
نیما اسفندیاری 1
بهنام رضایی یوسفی 1
مسیحا مبین 2
1 گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.
2 گروه پزشکی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گیلان، رشت، ایران.
10.66224/jii.3.4.1
چکیده
زیست‌‌بوم نوآوری برای ایجاد ارزش، رشد اقتصادی و توسعه پایدار یک کشور اهمیت اساسی دارد، زیرا امکان دسترسی به منابع بیرونی، تسریع تبدیل دانش به محصولات/خدمات جدید و همکاری میان بخش‌های مختلف را فراهم کرده و رقابت‌پذیری کشورها را افزایش می‌دهد، درحالی‌که بدون آن، نوآوری‌ها اغلب در مراحل اولیه متوقف می‌مانند، به همین منظور، هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی و تحلیل مؤلفه‌های زیست‎بوم نوآوری ایران و ارتباطات پیشایندی و پسایندی آن است. متناسب با این هدف، از دو روش تحلیل تم و دیمتل فازی و از طریق مصاحبه با 25 نفر از فعالان زیست‌بوم نوآوری ایران، داده‌های موردنظر گردآوری و تحلیل شد. مطابق یافته‌ها، ده مؤلفه اساسی برای زیست‌بوم نوآوری کشور قابل‌تصور است که بر ضرورت توجه هم‌زمان به سه مؤلفه کلیدی «بازیگران اصلی»، «فضای رقابتی» و «قابلیت نوآوری» تأکید می‌شود و «حکمرانی و سیاستگذاری» به‌عنوان اثرگذارترین مؤلفه، در نقش تقویت‌کننده این ابعاد معرفی می‌گردد. همچنین، مؤلفه «منابع مالی و سرمایه‌» زمانی بیشترین اثربخشی را خواهد داشت که در بستری رقابتی و در میان بازیگرانی برخوردار از قابلیت نوآوری تخصیص یابد؛ در غیر این صورت، تزریق منابع مالی در فضای غیررقابتی و به کنشگرانی فاقد ظرفیت نوآورانه، از بهره‌وری لازم برخوردار نخواهد بود. افزون بر این، دو مؤلفه «حکمرانی و سیاست‌گذاری» و «بازار و تقاضا» به‌عنوان متغیرهای مستقل و پیشران شناسایی می‌شوند می‌تواند ناشی از ساختارهای کمتر رقابتی و نقش گسترده دولت باشد. در این راستا، مداخلات مستقیم در سازوکار بازار، مانند سیاست‌های قیمت‌گذاری برای محصولات نوآورانه، ممکن است پیامدهای نامطلوبی بر مؤلفه‌های اثرپذیرتر، به‌ویژه بازیگران اصلی و منابع انسانی به همراه داشته باشد. درمجموع، هرچند مؤلفه‌های زیست‌بوم نوآوری ایران از منظر مفهومی با یافته‌های بین‌المللی همسو هستند، اما ساختار و جایگاه تأثیرگذاری آن‌ها تحت تأثیر زمینه‌های نهادی و کیفیت حکمرانی قرار دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
زیست‌بوم نوآوری
تحلیل تم
دیمتل فازی

عنوان مقاله English

Analyzing the Antecedents and Consequences of Innovation Ecosystem (Case Study: Iran Innovation Ecosystem)

نویسندگان English

Nima Esfandiari 1
Behnam Rezaei Yousefi 1
Masiha Mobayen 2
1 Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Guilan, Rasht, 4199613776, Iran.
2 Department of Medical, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
چکیده English

The innovation ecosystem plays a fundamental role in value creation, economic growth, and sustainable national development. It facilitates access to external resources, accelerates the transformation of knowledge into new products and services, fosters cross-sectoral collaboration, and enhances national competitiveness. In the absence of a well-functioning innovation ecosystem, innovative initiatives often stagnate at early stages. Accordingly, the present study aims to identify and analyze the key components of Iran’s innovation ecosystem and to examine the causal relationships among them. To achieve this objective, a mixed qualitative–quantitative approach was employed, integrating thematic analysis and fuzzy DEMATEL. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 25 experts and active participants within Iran’s innovation ecosystem and subsequently analyzed. The findings reveal ten fundamental components shaping the national innovation ecosystem. Among these, simultaneous attention to three core elements—key actors, competitive environment, and innovation capability—is essential. Governance and policymaking emerge as the most influential component, playing a pivotal role in strengthening and aligning these dimensions. Moreover, financial resources and investment are found to be most effective when allocated within a competitive context and to actors possessing strong innovation capabilities; otherwise, financial injections into non-competitive environments and to actors lacking innovative capacity are unlikely to yield optimal outcomes. The results further identify governance and policymaking, along with market and demand conditions, as independent and driving variables within the ecosystem. In this regard, direct market interventions—such as price controls on innovative products—may generate unintended negative consequences for more dependent components, particularly key actors and human capital.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Innovation Ecosystem
Fuzzy DEMATEL
Thematic Analysis
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  • تاریخ دریافت 06 اسفند 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 26 فروردین 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 29 فروردین 1405